MCQ
A hormone responsible for normal sleep-wake cycle is:
- AEpinephrine.
- BGastrin.
- CMelatonin.
- DInsulin.
Explanation:
Melatonin is a hormone secreted by pineal gland. Immediately above the optic chiasma (in the brain) in a nucleus, are present melatonin receptors that react to this hormone and synchronize the nucleus to the 24 hrs day/ night rhythm, thus informing the brain when it is day and when it is night.
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$(I)$ Malpighian corpuscles, $PCT$ and $DCT$ the nephron are situated in medulla of the kidney
$(II)$ The loop of henle dips into medulla.
$(III)$ In juxta medullary nephrons, the loop of henle is too short and extends very little into the medulla.
$(IV)$ Vasa recta is absent or highly reduced in cortical nephrons.