Question
$\mathrm{AlCl}_3$ exist a as dimer while $\mathrm{BCl}_3$ exist as monomer, why?
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Answer
'Al' has d-orbital which can accept a lone pair from ' Cl ' forming coordinate bond, $\mathrm{AlCl}_3$ exist as dimer.
In $\mathrm{BCl}_3$, 'Cl' donates a pair of electron to vacant p -orbital of ' B ' forming $\mathrm{p} \pi-\mathrm{p} \pi$ bond making it stable. It exist as $\mathrm{BCl}_3$
In $\mathrm{BCl}_3$, 'Cl' donates a pair of electron to vacant p -orbital of ' B ' forming $\mathrm{p} \pi-\mathrm{p} \pi$ bond making it stable. It exist as $\mathrm{BCl}_3$
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