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Carbon and its Compounds — Science STD 10 — Question

CBSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10ScienceCarbon and its Compounds3 Marks
Question
An ester has the molecular formula $C _4 H _8 O _2$. Write its structural formula. What happens when this ester is heated in the presence of sodium hydroxide solution? Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction and name the products. What is a saponification reaction?
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Answer

Esters in the presence of an acid or a base, give back alcohol and carboxylic acid as per the following reaction of the ester in the presence of sodium hydroxide solution.$\text{CH}_{3}\text{COOC}_{2}\text{H}_{5} \ \ \ \ \xrightarrow {\text{NaOH}}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{C}_{2}\text{H}_{5}\text{OH} \ \ \ \ \ \ +\ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_{3}\text{COOH} \\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{Ethanol}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{ Ethanoic acid}$
The above reaction of esters with an acid or a base to give back the parent alcohol and carboxylic acid is used in the preparation of soap, so is known as saponification reaction.

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