Question
Aniline is less basic than ammonia. Explain.
✓
Answer
The less basic character of aniline can be explained on the basis of resonance shown by aniline.
Due to resonance, the nitrogen atom of amino group in aniline acquires a positive charge, hence, lone pair of electrons is less available for protonation as compared to that of ammonia. Aniline is resonance stabilized by five resonance structures. On the other hand, aniline in aqueous medium, accepts a proton does not have lone pair of electrons on nitrogen to produce a very low concentration of anilium ion and anilium ion shows only two resonance structures and therefore less stabilized than anline.
Thus, aniline is more stable than anilium ion. Hence aniline accepts proton less readily or less basic in nature than ammonia.
Due to resonance, the nitrogen atom of amino group in aniline acquires a positive charge, hence, lone pair of electrons is less available for protonation as compared to that of ammonia. Aniline is resonance stabilized by five resonance structures. On the other hand, aniline in aqueous medium, accepts a proton does not have lone pair of electrons on nitrogen to produce a very low concentration of anilium ion and anilium ion shows only two resonance structures and therefore less stabilized than anline.
Thus, aniline is more stable than anilium ion. Hence aniline accepts proton less readily or less basic in nature than ammonia.
Need a full question paper?
Generate a complete, print-ready paper with questions like this in minutes — across 16+ boards, with answer keys.
Explore more
Similar questions
How is carboxylic acid obtained from acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides?
Explain the relation between ionic product and solubility product to predict whether a precipitate will form when two solutions are mixed?
How are interhalogen compounds prepared?
Explain the acidic nature of carboxylic acids.
Discuss $SN ^2$ mechanism of methyl bromide using aqueous $KOH$. Draw energy profile diagram.
###
Discuss the mechanism of alkaline hydrolysis of methyl bromide or Bromomethane.
→###
Discuss the mechanism of alkaline hydrolysis of methyl bromide or Bromomethane.
Write chemical reactions for the following conversions:
(i) Ethyl bromide to ethyl methyl ether (ii) Ethyl bromide to ethene (iii) Bromobenzene to toluene. (iv) Chlorobenzene to biphenyl.
(i) Ethyl bromide to ethyl methyl ether (ii) Ethyl bromide to ethene (iii) Bromobenzene to toluene. (iv) Chlorobenzene to biphenyl.
Obtain a relation between conductivity $( k )$ and molar conductivity $\left(\wedge_m\right.$ ).
→Calculate the mass of a nonvolatile solute (molar mass $40 \times 10^{-3} kg / mol$ ) which is dissolved in $114 \times 10^{-3} kg$ octane to reduce its vapour pressure to $80 \%$.
→Write the preparation of viscose rayon.
Write four' uses of hydrochloric acid.
Write chemical formula of the following oxoacids of chlorine:
$(a)$ Hypochlorous acid $(b)$ chlorous acid $(c)$ chloric acid $(d)$ perchloric acid.
→Write chemical formula of the following oxoacids of chlorine:
$(a)$ Hypochlorous acid $(b)$ chlorous acid $(c)$ chloric acid $(d)$ perchloric acid.