Question
Antigens on blood cells.
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Answer
- There are about 30 known antigens on the surface of human red blood cells. They decide the type of blood group such as ABO, Rh, Duffy, Kidd, Lewis, P MNS, Bombay.
- The different blood groups are determined genetically due to presence of a particular antigen.
- Landsteiner found two antigens or agglutinogens on the surface of human red blood cells which are named as antigen A and antigen B.
- There is another antigen called Antigen D which decides the Rh status of the blood. If Antigen D is present, the person is said to be RH positive and when it is lacking, the person is Rh negative.
- These antigens are responsible for types of blood group and the specific transfusions.
- Antigens present on the RBCs and antibodies present in the serum can cause agglutination reactions if they are non-compatible. Therefore, at the time of transfusion blood groups are checked properly.
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