Question
Briefly explain IVF and ET What are the conditions in which these methods are advised?
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Answer
IVF stands for in-vitro fertilization. In this technique, sperm from the male (or donor) and ovum from the female (or donor) are taken out. Ovum is then fertilized in the laboratory; usually in a petri dish. ET stands for embryo transfer and is the next procedure after IVF. Embryo up to 8 blastomere stage is transferred in the fallopian tube. Embryo with more than 8 blastomeres is transferred to the uterus. Since, the technique involves carrying out fertilization and some development of zygote in the laboratory hence babies born out of this method are often called test tube babies. These methods are parts of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART). These methods are employed when medical treatment and psychotherapy may have failed in helping the couple in conception. These methods require very high degree of precision and can only be carried out by highly specialized doctors. Moreover, employing these technologies require costly equipments. Hence, facilities for IVF or ET are available only at select centres across the country.
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