Question
Carbonyl compounds shows nucleophilic addition reaction, why?
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Answer
In carbonyl compounds alkoxide ion formed by the attack of nucleophilic in first step is more stable than carbocation formed by the attack of electrophile. So carbonyl compounds shows nucleophilic addition reactions.
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$\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_3\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \mid\\\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}\text{CH}_3\ \text{or}\ \text{H}_3\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{Br}\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \mid\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \mid\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{Br}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_3$
→$\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_3\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \mid\\\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}\text{CH}_3\ \text{or}\ \text{H}_3\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{Br}\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \mid\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \mid\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{Br}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_3$