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Coordination Compounds — Chemistry STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceChemistryCoordination Compounds2 Marks
Question
Define the following term (1) Coordination sphere (2) Oxidation number of central atom
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Answer

(1) Coordination sphere
→ "The central atom/ion and the ligands attached to it are enclosed in square bracket is collectively termed as the coordination sphere."
→ The ionizable groups are written outside the bracket and are called counter ions.
→ For example, in the complex $K _4\left[ Fe ( CN )_6\right]$, the coordination sphere is $\left[ Fe ( CN )_6\right]^{4-}$ and the counter ion is $K ^{+}$.
(2) Oxidation number of central atom:
→ "The oxidation number of the central atom in a complex is defined as the charge it would carry if all the ligands are removed along with the electron pairs that are shared with the central atom."
→ The oxidation number is represented by a Roman numeral in parenthesis following the name of the coordination entity.
→ For example, oxidation number of copper in $\left[ Cu ( CN )_4\right]^{3-}$ is +1 and it is written as $Cu ( I )$.

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