Define the octet rule and explain its limitations with examples.

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Note: Consider structures I to VII and answer the questions:

$\text{CH}_3-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_2-\text{OH}$
$\text{CH}_3-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}-\text{CH}_3\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ |\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{OH}$
$\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_3\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ |\\\text{CH}_3-\text{C}-\text{CH}_3\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ |\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{OH}$
$\text{CH}_3-\text{CH}-\text{CH}_2-\text{OH}\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ |\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_3$
$\text{CH}_3-\text{CH}_2-\text{O}-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_3$
$\text{CH}_3-\text{O}-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_2-\text{CH}_3$
$\text{CH}_3-\text{O}-\text{CH}-\text{CH}_3\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ |\\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{CH}_3$

Sketch the following molecular shapes and give the various bond angles in the structure linear, triangular planar, tetrahedral and octahedral.
What are the shapes of PCl₅, NH₃, BCl₃, SF₆, H₂O, CCl₄, SF₄, ClF₃, [BrF₅]^-, XeF₄, XeF₂

$\text{Sucrose}+\text{H}_2\text{O}\rightleftharpoons\text{Glucose}+\text{Fructose}$

Equilibrium constant K_c for the reaction is 2 × 10¹³ at 300K. Calculate $\Delta\text{G}^\circ\text{ at }300\text{K.}(\log 2=0.3010)$

The concentration of hydrogen in two sample of soft drinks A and B 4.0 × 10^-7 and 3.2 × 10^-6 respectively. Which of these two soft drinks has higher pH?

Predict the effect of an increase in concentration of NO on the equilibrium concentration of NO₂.
Predict the effect of pressure decrease as a result of increased volume on the equilibrium concentration of NO₂.