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Body Fluids and Circulation — BIOLOGY STD 11 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceBIOLOGYBody Fluids and Circulation5 Marks
Question
Describe (a) pulmonary circulation and (b) systemic circulation. Mention their significance/ importantce.
✓

Answer

  1. Pulmonary circulation:
  • It starts with the right ventricle pumping the deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary artery.
  • When the blood reaches the lungs, it is oxygenated.
  • The oxygenated blood is carried by the pulmonary veins to the left atrium.
Significance: This pathway serves for the oxygenation of the deoxygenated blood.
  1. Systemic circulation
  • It starts with the left ventricle pumping the oxygenated blood into the aorta.
  • The blood is carried by a network of arteries, arterioles and capillaries to all parts of the body.
  • The deoxygenated blood from all parts of the body is collected by a system of venules, veins and ultimately poured into the right atrium by the superior vena cava and inferior vena cava.
Significance:
  • This pathway provides nutrients, oxygen and other essential substances to all parts of the body and removes the metabolic wastes and other harmful substances for elimination (excretion) from the body.
  • The coronary system of blood vessels is meant for circulation of blood to the cardiac muscles.
  • The hepatic portal system supplies the nutrients from the intestine to the liver.

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