Unit 1 Ch 1 : The Rise of Nationalism in Europe — Social Studies STD 10 — Question

Events of February 1848, France influenced the liberal middle class who combined their demands for nation unification and constitutionalism, there was growing unrest among them. This event had influenced the liberal revolution in 1848. It became an inspiration in entire Europe where independent nations did not exist like Germany, Italy, Poland.

1. There was an increased demand for constitutionalism and national unification by the people.
2. There was a demand for a A constitution, freedom of the press and freedom of association etc.
3. Rise of political associations, groups among women and growing demand for suffrage and political rights became quite widespread in Europe,
4. Though conservatives were able to suppress liberal movements in 1848,Monarchs realised that the cycles of revolution could only be ended by granting concessions to the liberal-nationalist revolutionaries and by conceding to some of their demands.
5. In the years after 1848, the autocratic monarchies of Central and Eastern Europe began to introduce the changes.
6. Serfdom and bonded labour were abolished in Habsburg dominions and in Russia.
7. Hungarians were granted more autonomy by Habsburg rulers.​
8. The French revolution certainly had a long lasting impact on the people of the World.
9. The political and constitutional changes that came about in the wake of the French Revolution led to the transfer of sovereignty from the monarchy to a body of French citizens.
10. The revolution declared the supremacy of the people and that government must represent the will of the people. It brought about the abolition of serfdom, freed the peasantry and acknowledged the ideas of social, economic and personal liberty.
11. The ideas of liberty and democratic rights were the most important legacy of the French Revolution.
12. The ideals and virtues of liberty, equality, fraternity inspired many movements in the 19th and 20th century, throughout the World.
13. It recognised basic inalienable rights of man like right to life, freedom of speech, freedom of opinion, equality​.
14. French revolutionaries stated it was their mission to liberate people in all parts of Europe from despotism.
15. Jacobin clubs were set up by students, educated middle class to spread revolutionary ideas.
16. With the outbreak of French Revolutionary war, the french armies carried the ideas of nationalism.