Question
Describe certain bacterial diseases of human beings.
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Answer
Few diseases caused by bacteria are:
- Tuberculosis(T.B.): $T.B.$ is an infectious disease which is communicated from one person to another directly or indirectly. It is caused by the bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. $T.B.$ can affect all parts of the body such as lungs, lymph glands, bones, intestine etc.
- Cholera: Cholera is an acutely infectious, fatal disease and is more common during overcrowded fairs, festivals and after floods. Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio Cholerae. It is transmitted by flies, contaminated water and food.
- Typhoid: Typhoid is most common communicable disease in India. Typhoid fever is common in humans of the age 1to $15$ years age group. Typhoid is caused by a rod-shaped and motile bacterium, called Salmonella typhiwhich is commonly found in the intestine of human beings. Human infection is direct.
- Diarrhoea: Diarrhoea is an abnormally frequent discharge of semisolid or fluid faeces. The diarrhoea spreads through infection by contaminated food, water, drinks, hands, clothes, etc. The causative agents of diarrhoea are mainly bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Clostridium botulinum, Shigella dysentiriae, Campylobacter jejuri and Salmonella.
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