Major Landforms of the Earth — Social Studies STD 6 — Question

Three Types of Mountains:

1. The Fold Mountains.

1. Mountains formed of folding process of the strata are called fold mountains

The Himalayas and the Alps are young fold mountains.

2. They have rugged relief.
3. They have high conical hills.

Aravallis in India are old fold mountains.

4. They are considerably worn down by the processes of erosion.

Appalachians in North America and Urals in Russia have rounded features.

5. They are low in elevation.
6. They are very old fold mountains.

2. Block Mountains.

1. When large areas are broken and displaced vertically, block mountains are created.
2. The uplifted blocks are termed as horsts.
3. Lowered blocks are named as graben.
4. Rhine valley and Vosges are good examples of such block mountains.

Some more examples of this type of mountains/landforms:

1. Rift valley of Narmada and Tapi
2. Deccan Plateau
3. Meghalaya Plateau
4. Drakeusburge (in South Africa)
5. Australian Plateau
6. Saudi Arabian landforms
7. African Tableland.

3. Volcanic Mountains.

1. Volcanic activity leads to the formation of volcanic mountains.

Examples of volcanic mountains:

1. Kilimanjaro Mountains (in Africa).
2. Mt. Fujiyama (in Japan).