Question
Determine the validity of the following arguments using the direct method of truth table:
$\sim A \leftrightarrow \sim B$
$\therefore\ \sim B \rightarrow \sim A$

Answer

Truth Table:


 
Support Statement The resulting statement
  $1$ $2$ $3$ $4$ $5$ $6$
$A$ $B$ $\sim A$ $\sim B$ $\sim A \leftrightarrow \sim B$ $\sim B \rightarrow \sim A$
$1$ $T$ $T$ $F$ $F$ $T^*$ $T^*$
$2$ $T$ $F$ $F$ $T$ $F$ $F$
$3$ $F$ $T$ $T$ $F$ $F$ $T$
$4$ $F$ $F$ $T$ $T$ $T^*$ $T^*$
  $1 (\sim )$ $2(\sim )$ $3, 4(\leftrightarrow)$ $4, 3(\leftrightarrow)$
               
Judgment of the validity of the argument: A total of six columns are presented in the above fact sheet. In which the column no. Base statement and column no. $6$ is the introduction. Row out of the total four rows of the truth table. The base statement in $1$ and $4$ is the truth $‘T’$ and the resulting statement of the same row is also the truth $‘T’.$ Hence this argument is standard.

 

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