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Animal Kingdom — BIOLOGY STD 11 Science — Question

Rajasthan BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceBIOLOGYAnimal Kingdom5 Marks
Question
Discuss key difference between Animal and Plant Kingdom. Why animals can be termed advanced in terms of evolution?
✓

Answer

Difference between Animals and Plants:

S.No.
Animal Kingdom
Plant Kingdom
1.
Animals are heterotrophic and saprophytic mode of nutrition.
Majority of plants are autotrophic.
2.
Animals can be primary or secondary
consumers.
Plants are mainly producers, except
some insectivorous plants.
3.
Majority of animals are motile.
Plants are sessile, i.e. fixed to substratum.
4.
Animal cells do not have cell wall.
Plant cells have cell walls.
5.
Animal cells have smaller vacuoles.
Plant cells have larger vacuoles.
6.
Animal cells do not have chloroplasts.
Plant cells have chloroplasts.

Evolutionary Steps:

  • A heterotrophic lifestyle gives more choice of food to animals giving them better abilities to survive.
  • The motility in animals gives them an ability to spread in larger geographical area in search of better food.
  • For sexual reproduction animals are not dependent on other agents, while plants depend on agents for cross pollination. Reduced dependency means more opportunities to gain variations, which is important from evolutionary perspective.
  • Presence of cell walls in plant cells give structural rigidity but prevents exchange of many substances. In animals lack of cell walls means that cell membrane can be utilized for exchange of materials. So, it can be easily said that from evolutionary perspective animals are more advanced.

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