Question
Discuss the classification of monohydric alcohols containing $\ce{C_{sp}^3-OH}$ bond.
✓
Answer
$\rightarrow \ce{C_{sp}^3} - OH$ bond: In this class of alcohols. the $-OH$ group is attached to an $sp^3$ hybridised $3$ carbon atom of an alkyl group. They are further classified as follows:
$\rightarrow$ Primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols: In these three types of alcohols, the $-OH$ group is attached to primary, secondary and tertiary carbon atom, respectively as depicted below :
$\rightarrow$ Allylic alcohols : In these alcohols, the $-OH$ group is attached to an $sp^3$ hybridised carbon next the carbon$-$carbon double bond, that is to an allylic carbon. For example,
$\rightarrow$ Benzylic alcohols : In these alcohols, the $-OH$ group is attached to an $sp^3 - $ hybridised carbon atom next to an aromatic ring. For example,
$\rightarrow$ Allylic and benzylic alcohols may be primary, secondary or tertiary.
$\rightarrow$ Primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols: In these three types of alcohols, the $-OH$ group is attached to primary, secondary and tertiary carbon atom, respectively as depicted below :
$\rightarrow$ Allylic alcohols : In these alcohols, the $-OH$ group is attached to an $sp^3$ hybridised carbon next the carbon$-$carbon double bond, that is to an allylic carbon. For example,
$\rightarrow$ Benzylic alcohols : In these alcohols, the $-OH$ group is attached to an $sp^3 - $ hybridised carbon atom next to an aromatic ring. For example,
$\rightarrow$ Allylic and benzylic alcohols may be primary, secondary or tertiary.
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