During thunderstorm, rain water contains nitric acid. Explain wit… - Vidyadip

Question

During thunderstorm, rain water contains nitric acid. Explain with reactions.

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Answer

During lightning discharge, the nitrogen present in the atmosphere reacts with oxygen to form nitric oxide.
$
N _2+ O _2 \rightleftharpoons 2 NO
$
Nitric oxide is further oxidized to nitrogen dioxide.
$
2 NO + O _2 \rightleftharpoons 2 NO _2
$
The nitrogen dioxide dissolves in atmospheric moisture in the presence of oxygen of the air and forms nitric acid which is washed down by the rain and combines with the salt present on the surface of the earth.
$
4 NO _2+2 H _2 O + O _2 \longrightarrow 4 HNO _3
$

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