Question
Endocrine glands control and co-ordinate the body functions through secreting certain chemical messengers called hormones. Due to certain physiological reasons; the blood glucose level of an otherwise normal person
a) Give the possible cause for the increase in blood glucose level.
b) What is the chemical nature of this hormone? Discuss its role in the body.
c) How can this condition be reversed.

Answer

  • Insulin hormone plays an important role in glucose homeostasis.
  • If insulin secretion is reduced a condition called hyperglycemia occurs in our body ie. Diabetes mellitus.
  • As a result glucose level is elevated.
  • The reason for this is in the absence of insulin the uptake of glucose especially into muscle and fat cells is prohibited.
  • At the same time breakdown of glycogen to glucose, the conversion of amino acids or fats to glucose is enhanced. Thus glucose level increases.
  • Moreover in Type II diabetes also known as Non-insulin-dependent diabetes caused due to reduced sensitivity to insulin also called insulin resistance is due to obesity and inadequate exercise the tissues are not able to utilize glucose. And so the blood glucose level increases.

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