Download App

Definite Integrals — Maths STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceMathsDefinite Integrals5 Marks
Question
Evaluate the following integrals:
$\int\limits_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\frac{1}{\text{a}^2\sin^2\text{x}+\text{b}^2\cos^2\text{x}}\text{ dx}$
✓

Answer

We have,
$\int_{0}^\limits{\frac{\pi}{2}}\frac{1}{\text{a}^2\sin^2\text{x}+\text{b}^2\cos^2\text{x}}\text{ dx}$
Dividing numerator and denominator by $\cos^2\text{x}$
$\int_{0}^\limits{\frac{\pi}{2}}\begin{pmatrix}\frac{\frac{1}{\cos^2\text{x}}}{\text{a}^2\frac{\sin^2\text{x}}{\cos^2\text{x}}+\text{b}^2\frac{\cos^2\text{x}}{\cos^2\text{x}}} \end{pmatrix}\text{dx}$
$=\int_{0}^\limits{\frac{\pi}{2}}\Big(\frac{\sec^2\text{x}}{\text{a}^2\tan^{2}\text{x}+\text{b}^2}\Big)\text{dx}$
$=\frac{1}{\text{a}^2}\int_{0}^\limits{\frac{\pi}{2}}\Bigg(\frac{\sec^2\text{x}}{\tan^{2}\text{x}+\big(\frac{\text{b}}{\text{a}}\big)^2}\Bigg)\text{dx}$
Let $\tan\text{x}=\text{t}$
Differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
$\sec^2\text{xdx}=\text{dt}$
When $\text{x}=0\Rightarrow\text{t}=0$
$\text{x}=\frac{\pi}{2}\Rightarrow\text{t}=\infty$
$\therefore\ \frac{1}{\text{a}^2}\int_{0}^\limits{\frac{\pi}{2}}\Bigg(\frac{\sec^2\text{x}}{\tan^{2}\text{x}+\big(\frac{\text{b}}{\text{a}}\big)^2}\Bigg)\text{dx}$
$=\frac{1}{\text{a}^2}\int_{0}^\limits{\infty}\frac{\text{dt}}{\big(\frac{\text{b}}{\text{a}}\big)^2+\text{t}^2}$
$=\frac{1}{\text{a}^2}\Big[\frac{\text{a}}{\text{b}}\tan^{-1}\frac{\text{at}}{\text{b}}\Big]^{\infty}_0$
$=\frac{1}{\text{a}^2}\frac{\text{a}}{\text{b}}\big[\tan^{-1}\infty-\tan^{-1}0\big]$
$=\frac{1}{\text{ab}}\Big[\tan^{-1}\tan\frac{\pi}{2}\Big]$
$=\frac{\pi}{2\text{ab}}$

Need a full question paper?

Generate a complete, print-ready paper with questions like this in minutes — across 16+ boards, with answer keys.

Start Generating Free

Explore more

More "5 Marks Questions" from Definite Integrals→Definite Integrals — all question types→Maths STD 12 Science question papers→Gujarat Board STD 12 Science question papers→Gujarat Board question paper generator→

Similar questions

Find the vector and Cartesian equations of the line through the point (5, 2, -4) and which is parallel to the vector $3\hat i + 2\hat j - 8\hat k$.
→
Evaluate the following :
$\int\frac{\text{x+2}}{\sqrt{(\text{(x-2)(x-3)}}}\text{dx}$
→
Evaluate the following:
$\begin{bmatrix}1&-1\\0&2\\2&3\end{bmatrix}\begin{pmatrix}\begin{bmatrix}1&0&2\\2&0&1\end{bmatrix}-\begin{bmatrix}0&1&2\\1&0&2 \end{bmatrix}\end{pmatrix}$
→
Radium decomposes at a rate proportional to the quantity of radium present. It is found that in 25 years, approximately 1.1% of a certain quantity of radium has decomposed. Determine approximately how long it will take for one-half of the original amount of radium to decompose?
→
Let S be the set of all rational numbers except 1 and * be defined on S by a * b = a + b - ab, for all a, b ∈ S.
Prove that:
  1. * is a binary operation on S.
  2. * is commutative as well as associative.
→
Find a point on the parabola $y = (x - 4)^2$​​​​​​​, where the tangent is parallel to the chord joining (4, 0) and (5, 1).
→
If $\text{x}=\text{a}(1+\cos\theta),\text{y}=\text{a}(\theta+\sin\theta),$ prove that
→
Find the particular solution of the differential equation dy = cos x (2 – y cosec x) dx, given that y = 2 when$\text{x} = \frac{\pi}{2}.$
→
The rate of increase of bacteria in a culture is proportional to the number of bacteria present and it is found that the number doubles in 6 hours. Prove that the bacteria becomes 8 times at the end of 18 hours.
→
Find the vector equation of the plane passing through the points (1, 1, -1), (6, 4, -5) and (-4, -2, 3).
→