Directing — Business Studies STD 12 Commerce — Question

What is meant by ‘Delegation’? State any four points which highlight the importance of delegation in an organisation.

Explain the following as factors affecting dividend decision:

1. Stability of dividends.
2. Shareholders preferences.
3. Access to capital market.
4. Legal constraints.

‘It is necessary that goods and services must be made available to the customer at the right place, in right quantity and at the right time’.
Explain the components of this element.

Answer the following question.What are the methods of floatation in Primary Market?

What is meant by recruitment? Explain any four external sources of recruitment.

State any five limitations of ‘Planning’ function of management.

What do you mean by Laissez-faire leadership? State its features. List the situations in which style of leadership is more suitable.

Explain the following principles of management:

1. Subordination of Individual Interest to General Interest.
2. Development of Each and Every Person to His or Her Greatest Efficiency.

‘VOICE’ is an important consumer organization. It organized workshops in the months of December in Delhi/ NCR for consumers. The theme was ‘Organic Food - From Farm to Plate’, to spread awareness on the importance of organic farming and to encourage consumers to switch from conventional food, that contains chemicals and pesticides to organic food. Expert speakers from farmers’ community explained the harmful effects of usage of pesticides in farming and the importance of organic food. People were informed that the organization regularly tests samples to detect adulteration like presence of heavy metals or pesticides. The results of the tests are published in their monthly magazine ‘Consumer Voice’ to make people aware of quality of different products. It also provides aid and legal advice to the consumers in seeking a remedy.
State the functions performed by the Consumer Voice for the protection and promotion of consumer interest by quoting lines from the above para.

It is heartening that the implementation of compliance requirements of the Companies Act, 2013 has progressed substantially with NIFTY 500 companies. Data shows a significant increase in women's participation in the top management of Indian Companies from 5% few years ago to 13% now. Even companies which are not in NIFTY 500 have undertaken drives to increase women's participation across different areas of work. The government had also announced that it would support such companies.
Identify and explain the dimensions of business environment discussed above which brought about the change.