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Elements of Group 13, 14 and 15 — Chemistry STD 11 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceChemistryElements of Group 13, 14 and 154 Marks
Question
Explain catenation of group $14$ elements.
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Answer

$i.$ The property of self$-$linking of atoms of an element by covalent bonds to form chains and rings is called catenation.
$ii.$ The strength of the element$-$element bond determines the tendency of an element to form a chain.
$iii.$ Among the elements of group $14,$ the bond strength is maximum for $C-C$ bond $(348 \ kJ mol^{-1}).$ Hence, carbon has maximum tendency for catenation.
Bond Bond strength $($Bond enthalpy $kJ mol^{-1})$
$C-C$ $348$
$Si-Si$ $297$
$Ge-Ge$ $260$
$Sn-Sn$ $240$

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