Question
Explain Cross aldol condensation with suitable example. ### Write a short note: Cross aldol condensation.
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Answer
→ Cross aldol condensation : "When aldol condensation is carried out between two diferite and/or ketones, it is called cross aldol condensation." If both of them contain $\alpha$-hydrogen atoms, it gives a mixture of four products. This is illustrated below by aldol reaction of a mixture of ethanal and propanal.
→ Ketones can also be used as one component in the cross aldol reactions.
→ Ketones can also be used as one component in the cross aldol reactions.
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Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow:
The f-block consists of elements in which 4f and 5f orbitals are progressively filled. They are placed in a separate panel at the bottom of the periodic table. The names transition metals and inner transition metals are often used to refer to the elements of d-and f-blocks respectively. The d-block occupies the large middle section of the periodic table flanked between s and p blocks in the periodic table. In general, the electronic configuration of the outer orbitals of these elements is (n-1)d1-10ns1-2. The electronic configurations of outer orbitals of Zn, Cd, Hg and Cn are represented by the general formula (n - 1)d10ns2. The transition metals and their compounds also exhibit catalytic property and paramagnetic behaviour. Transition metal also forms an alloy. An alloy is a blend of metals prepared by mixing the components. Alloys may be homogeneous solid solutions in which the atoms of one metal are distributed randomly among the atoms of the other.
i. Transition metals form alloys. Justify?
ii. Why do transition elements exhibit higher enthalpies of atomization?
iii. Transition metals and many of their compounds show paramagnetic behaviour. Give reason.
The f-block consists of elements in which 4f and 5f orbitals are progressively filled. They are placed in a separate panel at the bottom of the periodic table. The names transition metals and inner transition metals are often used to refer to the elements of d-and f-blocks respectively. The d-block occupies the large middle section of the periodic table flanked between s and p blocks in the periodic table. In general, the electronic configuration of the outer orbitals of these elements is (n-1)d1-10ns1-2. The electronic configurations of outer orbitals of Zn, Cd, Hg and Cn are represented by the general formula (n - 1)d10ns2. The transition metals and their compounds also exhibit catalytic property and paramagnetic behaviour. Transition metal also forms an alloy. An alloy is a blend of metals prepared by mixing the components. Alloys may be homogeneous solid solutions in which the atoms of one metal are distributed randomly among the atoms of the other.
i. Transition metals form alloys. Justify?
ii. Why do transition elements exhibit higher enthalpies of atomization?
iii. Transition metals and many of their compounds show paramagnetic behaviour. Give reason.