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Metals and Non-Metals — Science STD 10 — Question

CBSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10ScienceMetals and Non-Metals3 Marks
Question
Explain giving one example, how highly reactive metals (which are high up in the reactivity series) are extracted.
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Answer

The highly reactive metals are extracted by the electrolytic reduction of their molten chlorides
or oxides.
Example: Sodium metal is extracted by the electrolytic reduction of molten sodium chloride. When electric current is passed through molten sodium chloride, it decomposes to form sodium metal and chlorine gas.
$2\text{NaCl}\text{(l)}\xrightarrow[]{\text{Electrolysis}}2\text{Na}\text{(s)}+ \text{cl}_{2}\text{(g)}$

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