Explain ground wave propagation - Vidyadip

Question

Explain ground wave propagation

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Answer

When a radio wave from a transmitting antenna propagates near surface of the Earth so as to reach the receiving antenna, the wave propagation is called ground wave or surface wave propagation.
In this mode, radio waves travel close to the surface of the Earth and move along its curved surface from transmitter to receiver.
The radio waves induce currents in the ground and lose their energy by absorption. Therefore, the signal cannot be transmitted over large distances.
Radio waves having frequency less than 2 MHz (in the medium frequency band) are transmitted by ground wave propagation.
This is suitable for local broadcasting only. For TV or FM signals (very high frequency), ground wave propagation cannot be used.

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