Question
Explain in brief the characteristic features of Phylum Hemichordata.
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Answer
The given organism (Balanoglossus) belongs to phylum Hemichordata.
Characteristics of phylum Hemichordata:
Characteristics of phylum Hemichordata:
- Habitat: Hemichordates are exclusively marine animals, usually living at the bottom of the sea in burrows. These are mostly free – living but animals like Rhabdopleura are sedentary.
- Body shape and division: Body is soft and vermiform. It is unsegmented and divided into three parts namely – proboscis, collar and trunk.
- Digestive system: Alimentary canal is complete, straight or ‘U’ shaped. Buccal cavity gives rise to a rod-like buccal diverticulum.
- Respiration: Respiration is brought about by numerous gills arranged in two longitudinal rows present in the pharyngeal region. Gills open by gill slits.
- Circulation: Circulatory system is simple and open type.
- Excretion: It takes place with help of with the glomerulus.
- Nervous system: Nervous tissue is embedded in epidermis on the dorsal as well as the ventral side.
- Reproduction and development: Sexes are separate (sometimes bisexual). Fertilization is external and development is indirect through free swimming larva.
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