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Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids — Chemistry STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceChemistryAldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids5 Marks
Question
Explain oxidation and reduction reactions of carbonyl compounds.
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Answer

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  1. Name the element of 3d transition series which shows maximum number of oxidation states. Why does it show so?
  2. which transition metal of 3d series has positive Eo(M2+/M) value and why?
  3. Out of Cr3+ and Mn3+, which is a stronger oxidizing agent and why?
  4. Name a member of the lanthanoid series which is well known to exhibit +2 oxidation state.
  5. Complete the following equation:

MnO-4+8H++5e-$→$

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  1. Account for the following:
    1. Mn shows the highest oxidation state of +7 with oxygen but with fluorine it shows the highest oxidation state of +4.
    2. Cr2+ is a strong reducing agent.
    3. Cu2+ salts are coloured while Zn2+ salts are white.
  2. Complete the following equations:
    1. $2\text{MnO}_{2} + 4\text{KOH} + \text{O}_{2} \xrightarrow{\Delta}$
    2. $\text{Cr}_{2}\text{O}^{2-}_{7}+ 14\text{H}^{+} + 6\text{I}^{-}\xrightarrow{}$
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A colourless substance 'A' (C6H7N) is sparingly soluble in water and gives a water soluble compound 'B' on treating with mineral acid. On reacting with CHCl3 and alcoholic potash 'A' produces an obnoxious smell due to the formation of compound 'C'. Reaction of 'A' with benzenesulphonyl chloride gives compound 'D' which is soluble in alkali. With NaNO2 and HCl, 'A' forms compound 'E' which reacts with phenol in alkaline medium to give an orange dye 'F'. Identify compounds 'A' to 'F'.
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(a) Why $\alpha$-hydrogen of carbonyl compound are acidic in nature?
(b) Explain aldol condensation reaction of ethanal.
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The time required for 10% completion of a first order reaction at 298K is equal to that required for its 25% completion at 308K. If the value of A is 4 × 1010s–1. Calculate k at 318K and Ea.
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How to determine the vapour pressure and total pressure of the components in binary solution of two volatile liquids? Explain their mathematical form and also explain the graph between mole fraction and vapour pressure for an ideal solution.
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Discuss aldol condensation in detail.
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Derive the integral rate equation for the first order reaction and prove that the graph of $\ln k$ and $t$ a straight line.
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Match the coordination compounds given in Column I with the central metal atoms given in Column II and assign the correct code:
 
Column I (Coordination Compound)
 
Column II (Central metal atom)
a.
Chlorophyll
1.
Rhodium
b.
Blood pigment
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Cobalt
c.
Wilkinson catalyst
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4.
Iron
 
 
5.
Magnesium
Code:
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