Explain the following terms with suitable examples: (a) Cationic …

Question

Explain the following terms with suitable examples:
(a) Cationic detergents, (b) Anionic detergents, (c) Neutral detergents.

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	Column $I ($Complex ion$)$		Column $II ($Hybridisation, number of unpaired electrons$)$
$a.$	$\ce{[Cr(H_2O)_6]^{3+}}$	$1.$	$dsp^2, 1$
$b.$	$\ce{[Co(CN)_4]^{2-}}$	$2.$	$sp^3d^2, 5$
$c.$	$\ce{[Ni(NH_3)_6]^{2+}}$	$3.$	$d^2sp^3, 3$
$d.$	$\ce{[MnF_6]^{4-}}$	$4.$	$sp^3, 4$
		$5.$	$sp^3d^2, 2$

Account for the following:
1. $Mn$ shows the highest oxidation state of $+7$ with oxygen but with fluorine it shows the highest oxidation state of $+4.$
2. $Cr^{2+}$ is a strong reducing agent.
3. $Cu^{2+}$ salts are coloured while $Zn^{2+}$ salts are white.
Complete the following equations:
1. $2\text{MnO}_{2} + 4\text{KOH} + \text{O}_{2} \xrightarrow{\Delta}$
2. $\text{Cr}_{2}\text{O}^{2-}_{7}+ 14\text{H}^{+} + 6\text{I}^{-}\xrightarrow{}$

Account for the following:
1. Mn shows the highest oxidation state of $+7$ with oxygen but with fluorine it shows the highest oxidation state of $+4.$
2. $Cr^{2+}$ is a strong reducing agent.
3. $Cu^{2+}$ salts are coloured while $Zn^{2+}$ salts are white.
Complete the following equations:
1. $2\text{MnO}_{2} + 4\text{KOH} + \text{O}_{2} \xrightarrow{\Delta}$
2. $\text{Cr}_{2}\text{O}^{2-}_{7}+ 14\text{H}^{+} + 6\text{I}^{-}\rightarrow.$

Write one similarity and one difference between the chemistry of lanthanoid and actinoid elements.