Question
Explain the froth floatation method with a neat labelled diagram.
✓
Answer
- The froth floatation process is based on two opposite properties of the particles, hydrophilic and hydrophobic.
- The metal sulphide particles are hydrophobic. Due to this property, they get wetted mainly with oil. On the other hand, gangue particles are hydrophilic and get wetted by water.
- In this method, the finely divided metal ore is added in a big tank containing large amount of water. To this, certain vegetable oil (pine oil, eucalyptus oil, etc.) is added for the formation of froth.
- In the tank, compressed air is circulated through the water. Bubbles are formed due to this blown air. A rotating agitator at the centre of the floatation tank agitates the mixture and draws air into it to form bubbles. As a result, foam is formed which carries metal sulphide particles. The foam rises to the surface of water and floats. Therefore, this method is called froth floatation process.
- This method is used to separate metal sulphide ores such as zinc blende $(ZnS)$ and copper pyrite $(CuFeS_2).$
Froth floatation method
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