Question
Explain the Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs with diagram.
✓
Answer
- Every human being’s mental situation is different.
- Thus, needs of every human are not similar,
- Many psychologist and management experts have made studies and formulated principles to arrange such needs in the specific hierarchy.
- Humanist psychologist Abraham Maslow had presented hierarchy of needs in his article, ‘Principles of human motivation’ in 1943.
- Such five needs are arranged in the figure as per their priority.
- Hierarchy of Needs suggested by Maslow :
- Maslow has divided these five needs in to two parts.
- Lower Needs :
- Lower needs includes
- Physiological needs
- Safety needs
- Social needs
- Higher needs :
- Higher needs includes
- Esteem and status needs
- Self actualization and self realization needs.
- Physiological or Prime needs :
- Food, water, clothing, shelter etc. Are the basic or the physiological needs of human being?
- Food is the basic need to sustain the human body so, it is the highest level of hierarchy.
- It means that till the basic needs of a person such as food, clothing, shelter etc. Are not satisfied, he does not give importance to other needs.
- Safety needs :
- Once the physiological needs are fulfilled then the safety need arise.
- Safety need includes physical safety and job safety.
- Employees expect regularity of wages and safety against risk.
- Therefore man takes the insurance, opens the saving account either in bank or in post office.
- Such a safety is necessary for mental peace.
- Social needs :
- Man is a social animal so, he always wants love and affection from his family, relatives and society at large.
- Such needs include, feeling of getting love and respect from the family members, friends and relatives as well as by his colleagues at work place and by other in society.
- Esteem and Status Needs :
- Esteem and status needs are known as position need or high class need.
- When a person e.g. Lata Mangeshkar in the field of music, Bismillah Khan in playing Shehnai, Zakir Husain in playing table, Shivkumar Sharma in playing Santoor, Sachin Tendulkar in the field of cricket, Amitabh Bachhan in the field of action etc.
- Conclusion :
- As per the Abraham Maslow, human needs arises gradually.
- This order of need special capacity can only satisfy self actualization needs i.e. 5th order of need.
- The one who has special capacity can only satisfy self esteem \ self actualization needs.
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