Question
Explain the structure of starch and cellulose.

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Explain why on addition of 1mol of NaCl to 1 litre of water, the boiling point of water increases, while addition of 1mol of methyl alcohol to one litre of water decreases its boiling point.
A steady current of 2 amperes was passed through two electrolytic cells X and Y connected in series containing electrolytes $FeSO_{4}$ and $ZnSO_{4}$ until 2.8 g of Fe deposited at the cathode of cell X. How long did the current flow? Calculate the mass of Zn deposited at the cathode of cell Y. (Molar mass: $Fe = 56 g mol^{-1}, Zn = 65.3 g mol^{-1}, 1 F = 96500 C mol^{-1}$)
Answer the following questions:Account for the following$:$
  1. Methylamine in water reacts with ferric chloride to precipitate hydrated ferric oxide.
  2. Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more stable than those of aliphatic amines.
  1. Why do transition elements show variable oxidation states?
  1. Name the element showing maximum number of oxidation states among the first series of transition metals form Sc (Z=21) to Zn (Z=30).
  2. Name the element which shows only +3 oxidation state.
  1. What is lanthanoid contraction? Name an important alloy which contains some of the lanthanoid metals.
What is the difference between order of a reaction and its molecularity?
Concentration terms such as mass percentage, ppm, mole fraction and molality are independent of temperature, however molarity is a function of temperature. Explain.
Write down the IUPAC name for each of  the following complexes and indicate the oxidation state, electronic configuration and coordination number. Also give stereochemistry and magnetic moment of the complex : 
 (i) $K \left[ Cr \left( H _2 O \right)_2\left( C _2 O _4\right)_2\right] \cdot 3 H _2 O$
(ii) $\left[ Co \left( NH _3\right)_5 Cl \right] Cl _2$
(iii) $\left[ CrCl _3( py )_3\right]$
(iv) $Cs \left[ FeCl _4\right]$
(v) $K _4\left[ Mn ( CN )_6\right]$
  1. Define the following terms:
  1. Co-enzymes.
  2. Mutation in biomolecules.
  3. Nucleotides.
  1. List four main functions of carbohydrates in organisms.
Describe different electrophilic substitution reaction of chlorobenzene.
Attempt any five of the following:
(a) Which sugar is present in milk?
(b) Why must vitamin C be supplied regularly in diet?
(c) What type of substance is phenylanine hydroxylate? Write its importance.
(d) Define denaturation of protein. What is the effect of denaturation on the structure of protein?
(e) Name the linkage connecting monosaccharide units in polysaccharides.
(f) How do you explain the presence of all six carbon atoms in glucose in a straight chain?
(g) Write the reactions showing the presence of following in the open structure of glucose:
i. a carbonyl group
ii. chain with six carbon atoms