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MODEL PAPER 7 — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYMODEL PAPER 75 Marks
Question
Explain the two complexities that are observed in the process of transcription in eukaryotes and not in prokaryotes.
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Answer

Two complexities that are observed in the process of transcription in eukaryotes and not in Prokaryotes are as follows
i. There are three RNA polymerases in the nucleus RNA polymerase I transcribes - rRNAs, RNA polymerase II transcribes - heterogenous nuclear RNA/hnRNA, RNA polymerase III transcribes - tRNA/5 srRNA/snRNA (small nuclear RNAs).
ii. Primary transcripts/hnRNA contain both the exons and non functional introns, subjected to splicing where introns are removed, exons are joined in a defined order, hnRNA undergoes processing called capping and tailing, In capping nucleotide methyl guanosine triphosphate is added to 5' end of hnRNA, In tailing adenylate residues (200-300) are added at 3"- end in a template independent manner, this fully processed hnRNA is now called mRNA (and transported out of the nucleus for translation).

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