Explain the variation in E _ M ^ 3+ / M ^ 2+ ^0 3 d series.

Question

Explain the variation in $E _{ M ^{3+} / M ^{2+}}^0 3 d$ series.

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Answer

Transition metals in their high oxidation states tend to be oxidising. The standard reduction potential for the $M ^{3+} / M ^{2+}$ half cell gives the relative stability between $M ^{3+}$ and $M ^{2+}$.

Reaction	Standard reduction potential (V)
$Ti ^{3+}+ e ^{-} \longrightarrow Ti ^{2+}$	−0.37
$Y ^{3+}+ e ^{-} \longrightarrow V ^{2+}$	−0.26
$Cr ^{3+}+ e ^{-} \longrightarrow Cr ^{2+}$	−0.41
$Mn ^{3+}+ e ^{-} \longrightarrow Mn ^{2+}$	+1.51
$Fe ^{3+}+ e ^{-} \longrightarrow Fe ^{2+}$	+0.77
$Co ^{3+}+ e ^{-} \longrightarrow Co ^{2+}$	+1.81

The negative values for titanium, vanadium and chromium indicate that the higher oxidation state is preferred.
The high reduction potential of $M ^{3+} / M ^{2+}$ indicates $Mn ^{2+}$ is more stable than $Mn ^{3+}$.

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