CBSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 HumanitiesPsychologySensory, Attentional And Perceptual Processes3 Marks
Question
Explain three types of perceptual constancies.
✓
Answer
There are three types of perceptual constancies that we commonly experience:
Size constancy: The tendency for the perceived size of objects to remain relatively unchanged with changes in their distance from the observer and the size of the retinal image is called size constancy. e.g. when you approach your friend from a distance, your perception of the friend's size does not change much despite the fact that the retinal image becomes larger.
Shape constancy: In our perceptions the shapes of familiar objects remain unchanged despite changes in the pattern of retinal image resulting from differences in their orientation. e.g. dinner plate looks the same shape whether the image that it casts on the retina is a circle, or an ellipse or roughly a short line (if the plate is viewed form the edge). It is also called form constancy.
Brightness Constancy: The tendency to maintain apparent brightness constant under different amount of illumination is called brightness constancy.e.g. surface of a paper which appears white in the sunlight, is still perceived as white in the room light. Similarly, coal that looks black in the sun also looks black in room light.
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