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Heredity and Evolution — Science STD 10 — Question

CBSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10ScienceHeredity and Evolution3 Marks
Question
Explain with example how the following are evidences in favour evolution inganisms.
  1. Homologous organs.
  2. Analogous organs.
  3. Fossils.
✓

Answer

  1. Study of homologous organs suggests that the organisms having same structure of organs but performing different functions have evolved from a common ancestor.
eg. forelimbs of a frog, lizard, bird and man.
  1. Analogous organs show adaptations of organs for common use.
eg. wings of butterfly and wings of bat.
  1. The fossil Archaeopteryx looks like a bird but bears a number of other features found in reptiles. This observation provides a clue that the birds have evolved from reptiles.

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