- ADue to reproduction
- BDue to changes in the sequence of nitrogen bases
- CDue to linkage
- DDue to changes in the size of DNA
Explanation:
A gene mutation can be defined as a permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene, such that the sequence differs from what is found in most people. Mutations range in size. They can affect anywhere from a single DNA building block (base pair) to a large segment of a chromosome that includes multiple genes. Gene mutation does not occur due to reproduction, linkage or changes in the size of the DNA.
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| Column $- I$ | Column $- II$ |
| $(a)$ Contraceptive pilll | $(1)$ Ejaculated semen would not enter into the female reproductive tract |
| $(b)$ Condom | $(2)$ Inhibit ovulation and implantation |
| $(c)$. Sterilsation | $(3)$ Increase phagocytosis of sperms |
| $(d)$ IUDs | $(4)$ Blocks gariete transport |
In the above pedigree, assume that no outsider marrying in, carry a disease. Write the genotypes of $C$ and $D$.
$(a)$ No enzyme at all
$(b)$ The normal/less efficient enzyme
$(c)$ $A$ non-functional enzyme

$R$ : Climate of tropical region is more seasonal.