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p-Block Elements – II — Chemistry STD 12 — Question

Tamilnadu BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12Chemistryp-Block Elements – II3 Marks
Question
Give a reason to support that sulphuric acid is a dehydrating agent.
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Answer

Sulphuric acid is highly soluble in water and has a strong affinity towards the water and hence it can be used as a dehydrating agent.
When dissolved in water it forms mono $\left( H _2 SO _4 \cdot H _2 O \right)$ and di $\left( H _2 SO _4 \cdot 2 H _2 O \right)$ hydrates and the reaction is exothermic. The dehydration property can also be illustrated by its reaction with organic compounds such as sugar, oxalic acid and formic acid.
$\underset{\text { (Sucrose) }}{ C _{12} H _{22} O _{11}}+ H _2 SO _4 \longrightarrow 12 C + H _2 SO _4 \cdot 11 H _2 O$
$HCOOH + H _2 SO _4 \longrightarrow CO + H _2 SO _4 \cdot H _2 O$
(Formic acide)
$( COOH )_2+ H _2 SO _4 \longrightarrow CO + CO _2+ H _2 SO _4 \cdot H _2 O$
(Oxalic acid)

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