Question
Give four examples each of ‘provision’ and ‘reserves’.

Answer

Four examples of provision are given below:
  1. Provision for bad and doubtful debts.
  2. Provision for discount on debtors.
  3. Provision for depreciation.
  4. Provision for taxation.
Four examples of reserve are given below:
  1. General reserve.
  2. Capital reserve.
  3. Dividend equalisation reserve.
  4. Debenture redemption reserve.

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What is the purpose of contra entry?
Open 'T' shape account of our creditor 'Raghubir' and write the following transactions on the proper side:
  1. Purchased goods from Raghubir on credit for ₹ 50,000.
  2. Returned goods to Raghubir for ₹ 5,000.
  3. Paid to Raghubir ₹ 30,000.
  4. Purchased goods from Raghubir on credit for ₹ 16,000.
  5. Paid to Raghubir ₹ 20,000.
Show an Accounting Equation for the following transactions:
  1. D. Mahapatra commenced business with cash ₹ 50,000 and ₹ 1,00,000 by cheque; goods ₹ 60,000; machinery ₹ 1,00,000 and furniture ₹ 50,000.
  2. $\frac{1}{3}\text{rd}$ of above goods sold at a profit of 10% on cost and half of the payment is received in cash.
  3. Depreciation on machinery provided @ 10%.
  4. Cash withdrawn for personal use ₹ 10,000.
  5. Interest on drawings charged @ 5%.
  6. Goods Sold to Gupta for ₹ 10,000 and received a Bill Receivable for the same amount for 3 months.
  7. Received ₹ 10,000 from Gupta against the Bills Receivable on its maturity.
What does the Balance of Suspense Account indicate? How is the balance of Suspense Account treated?
Distinguish between Journal and Ledger.
Enter the following transactions in the Journal of Arun Govil & Co.
2018
 
June 1
Arun Govil & Co. paid into bank as capital ₹ 6,00,000.
Jane 3
Purchased goods from Mukesh of the list price of ₹ 2,00,000 at 10% trade discount.
June 4
One-fourth of the above goods returned to Mukesh for not being upto specifications.
June 6
Issued a cheque to Mukesh for the amount due to him after deducting 2% as cash discount.
June 7
Withdrew from bank ₹ 2,50,000 for office use and ₹ 10,000 for personal use.
June 10
Purchased a machinery for ₹ 1,00,000 and spent ₹ 5,000 on its installation. Payment for machinery was made by cheque and installation expenses were paid in cash.
June 12
Sold goods for ₹ 1,00,000 to Amar.
June 13
Amar clears his account by giving a cheque of ₹ 98,500. Cheque is immediately sent to bank.
June 15
Purchased stationery for personal use ₹ 3,000 and for office use ₹ 5,000.
June 20
Purchased land for ₹ 2,00,000 and paid 1% as brokerage and ₹ 15,000 as registration charges on it. Entire payment is made by Cheque.
June 30
Wages due to labourers ₹ 20,000 and salary due to the clerk ₹ 30,000.
State whether the following expenditure are Capital, Revenue or Deferred Revenue. Give reasons:
  1. Furniture of the book value of ₹ 10,000 were sold off at ₹ 2,500 and new furniture of the value of ₹ 6,000 were acquired, cartage on purchase ₹ 50.
  2. Property purchased for ₹ 20,00,000 and ₹ 1,50,000 paid for its registration and legal fee.
  3. Replacement of old machine by a new one.
  4. Damages paid by a transport company to its passengers injured in an accident.
  5. Erection of shed for parking of vehicles at a cost of ₹ 10 Lac.
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