Accounting for Goods and Service Tax (GST) — Account STD 11 Commerce — Question

On 31st December, 2014 my Cash Book showed a credit balance of ₹ 8,800. I had paid into Bank three cheques amounting to ₹ 6,000 on 24th December of which I found ₹ 3,200 have been credited in the Pass Book under date 5th January 2015. I had issued cheques amounting to ₹ 8,000 before 31st December of which I found ₹ 2,500 have been debited in the Pass Book after 1st January 2015. I find a debit of ₹ 50 in respect of bank charges in the Pass Book which I have adjusted in the Cash Book on 31st Dec. There is a credit of ₹ 360 for interest on securities in the Pass Book which remains to be adjusted. A cheque of ₹ 1,200 deposited into bank has been dishonoured.
Prepare Bank Reconciliation Statement as on 31st Dec. 2014.

From the following particulars, prepare a Bank Reconciliation Statement of Sh. Yadav on 31st December 2014:-
Balance as per Pass Book on 31st December, 2014 is ₹ 11,000. Cheques for ₹ 6,200 were issued during the month of December but of these cheques for ₹ 900 were presented in the month of January, 2015 and one cheque for ₹ 500 was not presented for payment. Cheque and cash amounting to ₹ 5,700 were deposited in bank during December but credit was given for ₹ 4,700 only. A customer had deposited ₹ 850 into the bank directly. The bank has credited the merchant for ₹ 150 as interest and has debited him for ₹ 30 as bank charges, for which there are no corresponding entries in Cash Book.

Journalise the following in the books of Hari.
Sohan informs Hari that Mohan's acceptance for ₹ 13,000, endorsed in favour of Sohan by Hari, has been dishonoured. Sohan agrees to accept ₹ 3,000 in cash and an acceptance at 3 months together with interest @ 12% per annum.

What is a Contra Entry? How is it recorded? Give two examples of a Contra Entry.

Distinguish between Bills of Exchange and Promissory Note on the basis of:

1. Drawer.
2. Acceptance.
3. Payee.
4. Number of parties.

On 1st January, 2019, A sold goods to B for ₹ 5,000 plus IGST @ 18%. A received ₹ 900 by cheque from B and drew on him a bill for the balance amount payable 3 months after date. The bill was duly accepted by B. A retained the bill till due date. On due date, the bill was paid.
Pass Journal entries in the books of A and B. Also, show necessary accounts in the books of both the parties.

On 15th June, 2019, Mohan sold goods to Sohan valued at ₹ 2,000. He drew a bill at 3 months for the amount and discounted the same with his bank for ₹ 1,960. On the due date the bill was dishonoured and Mohan paid to the bank the amount due plus the noting charges of ₹ 10.
Draft the Journal entries in the books of all parties.

Ram draws a bill for ₹ 2,000 on Shyam on 15th September, 2018 for 3 months. On maturity, Shyam failed to honour the bill.
Pass the necessary Journal entries in the books of Ram and Shyam.

State four merits of written down value method of providing depreciation.

What are Reserves?