2. A vacancy created when an electron leaves a covalent bond. Solution: Concept of holes in the semiconductor: 1. When an electron is removed from a covalent bond, it leaves a vacancy behind. An electron from a neighbouring atom can move into this vacancy, leaving the neighbour with a vacancy. In this way the vacancy formed is called a hole (or cotter), and can travel through the material and serve as an additional current carriers. 2. A hole is considered as a seat of positive charge, having magnitude of charge equal to that of an electron. 3. Holes acts as a virtual charge, although there is no physical charge on it. 4. Effective mass of hole is more than an electron. 5. Mobility of hole is less than an electron.

Hole is:

Question

Hole is:

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Answer

A vacancy created when an electron leaves a covalent bond.

Solution:
Concept of holes in the semiconductor:

When an electron is removed from a covalent bond, it leaves a vacancy behind. An electron from a neighbouring atom can move into this vacancy, leaving the neighbour with a vacancy. In this way the vacancy formed is called a hole (or cotter), and can travel through the material and serve as an additional current carriers.
A hole is considered as a seat of positive charge, having magnitude of charge equal to that of an electron.
Holes acts as a virtual charge, although there is no physical charge on it.
Effective mass of hole is more than an electron.
Mobility of hole is less than an electron.