Question
How are assisted reproductive technologies helpful to humans? How are ZIFT and GIFT different from intra uterine transfers? Explain.

Answer

The infertile couples could be assisted to have children through certain special techniques known as assisted reproductive technologies (ART).
  1. ZIFT: The zygote or early embryo with up to 8 blastomeres is transferred into the fallopian tube. This is called zygote intra-fallopian transfer (ZIFT).
  2. GIFT: Gamete intra-fallopian transfer is the transfer of an ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube of another female who cannot produce one but can provide a suitable environment for fertilisation and further development of the embryo.
Intra-uterine transfer (IUT) refers to the introduction of an embryo with more than 8 blastomeres into the uterus of a female to complete its further development.

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