Phenol is converted into salicylic acid.
The reaction is usually carried out by allowing sodium phenoxide to absorb carbon dioxide and then heating the product to 400K and 4-7 atm pressure. First unstable intermediate is formed which undergoes a proton shift to form sodium salicylate. The subsequent acidification of sodium salicylate gives,
Then aspirin is obtained by acetylating salicylic acid with acetic anhydride and cons. H2SO4.
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Given alongside is the sketch of a plant for carrying out a process.