Question
How is copper obtained from its ore $(Cu_2S)$? Write only the chemical equations. How is copper thus obtained refined? Name and explain the process alongwith a labelled diagram.
✓
Answer
Copper is obtained from its ore Copper glance $(Cu_2S)$ in two steps$:$
$2 Cu _2 S( s )+3 O _2(g) \xrightarrow{\text { Heat }} 2 Cu _2 O ( s )+2 SO _2(g)$
$2 Cu _2 O ( s )+ Cu _2 S( s ) \xrightarrow{\text { Heat }} 6 Cu ( s )+ SO _2(g)$
The Copper thus obtained is refined by the process called "Electrolytic Refining". In this, the impure copper is made anode by connecting to the positive terminal of the battery and a thin plate of pure copper is made cathode by connecting to the negative terminal of the battery. The copper sulphate $($acidified$)$ solution is taken in the tank which acts as an electrolyte. When an electric current is passed through the solution, the pure copper from the anode passes into the solution and an equivalent amount of $Cu^+$ ions from the solution are deposited on the cathode as pure copper. Impure copper usually contains the impurities $\text{(Fe, Ag, Au)}$ which collects below the anode as "Anode mud".
At cathode $: Cu ^{2+}( aq )+2 e ^{-} \rightarrow Cu ( s )$
At anode $: Cu ( s ) \rightarrow Cu ^{2+}( aq )+2 e ^{-}$
The diagram shown below is of electrolytic refining of copper
$2 Cu _2 S( s )+3 O _2(g) \xrightarrow{\text { Heat }} 2 Cu _2 O ( s )+2 SO _2(g)$
$2 Cu _2 O ( s )+ Cu _2 S( s ) \xrightarrow{\text { Heat }} 6 Cu ( s )+ SO _2(g)$
The Copper thus obtained is refined by the process called "Electrolytic Refining". In this, the impure copper is made anode by connecting to the positive terminal of the battery and a thin plate of pure copper is made cathode by connecting to the negative terminal of the battery. The copper sulphate $($acidified$)$ solution is taken in the tank which acts as an electrolyte. When an electric current is passed through the solution, the pure copper from the anode passes into the solution and an equivalent amount of $Cu^+$ ions from the solution are deposited on the cathode as pure copper. Impure copper usually contains the impurities $\text{(Fe, Ag, Au)}$ which collects below the anode as "Anode mud".
At cathode $: Cu ^{2+}( aq )+2 e ^{-} \rightarrow Cu ( s )$
At anode $: Cu ( s ) \rightarrow Cu ^{2+}( aq )+2 e ^{-}$
The diagram shown below is of electrolytic refining of copper
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