Question
How is leaching carried out in case of low grade copper ores?
✓
Answer
In case of low grade copper ores, leaching is carried out using acid or bacteria in the presence of air. In this process, copper goes into the solution as $Cu^{2+}$ ions.
$\text{Cu}_{(\text{s})}+2\text{H}^+_{(\text{aq})}+\frac{1}{2}\text{O}_{2(\text{g})}\rightarrow\text{Cu}^{2+}_{(\text{aq})}+2\text{H}_2\text{O}_{(\text{l})}$
The resulting solution is treated with scrap iron or 2 H to get metallic copper.
$\text{Cu}^{2+}_{(\text{aq})}+\text{H}_{2(\text{g})}\rightarrow\text{Cu}_{(\text{s})}+2\text{H}^+_{(\text{aq})}$
$\text{Cu}_{(\text{s})}+2\text{H}^+_{(\text{aq})}+\frac{1}{2}\text{O}_{2(\text{g})}\rightarrow\text{Cu}^{2+}_{(\text{aq})}+2\text{H}_2\text{O}_{(\text{l})}$
The resulting solution is treated with scrap iron or 2 H to get metallic copper.
$\text{Cu}^{2+}_{(\text{aq})}+\text{H}_{2(\text{g})}\rightarrow\text{Cu}_{(\text{s})}+2\text{H}^+_{(\text{aq})}$
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