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acids, bases and salts — Science STD 10 — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10Scienceacids, bases and salts3 Marks
Question
How is the strength of acids and bases determined?
✓

Answer

The strength of acids and bases depends on the number of $H ^{+}$and $OH ^{-}$ions present in the solution.
For example, one molar hydrochloric acid and one molar acetic acid form different amounts of hydrogen ions $\left( H ^{+}\right)$. Therefore, in spite of same concentration, their acidic strengths are different.
The acid which produces $H ^{+}$ions in more quantity in water is called strong acid. For example, $HCl , HNO _{3}, H _{2} SO _{4}$ etc.
The acid which produces $H$ ions in less quantity in water is called weak acid.
For example, $HCOOH , CH _{3} COOH , HCN _{\text {..... etc. }}$.
The base which produces $OH ^{-}$ions in more quantity in water is called strong base. For example, $NaOH , KOH , Ca ( OH )_{2}, \ldots$, etc. The base which produces $OH ^{-}$Ions in less quantity in water is called weak base. For example, $NH _{3}, NH _{4} OH$ etc.

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