Question
How will you convert ethanal into the following compound?
But-2-enal.
✓
Answer
On treatment with dilute alkali, ethanal gives 3-hydroxybutanal which on heating produces but-2-enal.
$\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{OH}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ |\\\text{CH}_3\text{CHO}\xrightarrow{ \ \text{dil}\text{NaOH}\ }\text{CH}_3-\text{CH}-\text{CH}_2-\text{CHO}\xrightarrow[\text{-H}_2\text{O}]{\Delta}\text{CH}_3-\text{CH}=\text{CH}-\text{CHO}\\ \text{Ethanal}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{3 - Hydroxybutanal}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{But - 2 - enal}$
$\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{OH}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ |\\\text{CH}_3\text{CHO}\xrightarrow{ \ \text{dil}\text{NaOH}\ }\text{CH}_3-\text{CH}-\text{CH}_2-\text{CHO}\xrightarrow[\text{-H}_2\text{O}]{\Delta}\text{CH}_3-\text{CH}=\text{CH}-\text{CHO}\\ \text{Ethanal}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{3 - Hydroxybutanal}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{But - 2 - enal}$
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