MCQ
In the figure given below the structures associated with human kidneys are marked $(X,Y$ and $Z)$. The relative concentrations of urea in these structure is.
  • A
    $X$ is sometimes higher than $Y.$
  • B
    $Y$ is always higher than $Z.$
  • $Y$ is always lower than $Z.$
  • D
    $Z$ is sometimes lower than $X.$

Answer

Correct option: C.
$Y$ is always lower than $Z.$
The structures are labeled as :
$X –$ Renal vein
$Y –$ Renal artery
$Z - $ Ureter
The renal artery $(Y)$ carries oxygenated blood to the kidneys from the heart. This blood contains negligible amounts of waste products $($such as urea$).$ On the other hand, the ureters $(Z)$ transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. The urine contains comparatively high amounts of urea to be excreted out. Thus, the relative concentration of urea in $Y$ is always lower than that in $Z.$

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