Question
Incomplete dominance and Co$-$dominance.
| Incomplete dominance | Co-dominance |
| $1.$ Incomplete dominance is seen when the phenotypes of the two parents blend together to create a new phenotype for their offspring. | $1.$ Co$-$dominance is seen when the two parent phenotypes are expressed together in the offspring. |
| $2.$ Both the genes of an allelomorphic pair express themselves partially in $F_1$ hybrids. | $2.$ Both the genes of an allelomorphic pair express themselves equally in $F_1$ hybrids. |
| $3.$ In incomplete dominance, a mixture of the alleles in the genotype is seen in the phenotype. | $3.$ In co$-$dominance, both alleles in the genotype are seen in the phenotype. |
| $4.$ The phenotypic effect of one allele is more prominent than the other. | $4.$ The phenotypic effect of both the alleles is equally prominent. |
| $5.$ Blending or intermixing of two alleles can be observed. A white flower and a red flower alleles mix and produce pink flowers. Example : Pink flowers in Mirabilis jalapa. |
$5.$ No intermixing or blending effect of two alleles is observed. The colours don’t mix but are seen in patches. Example : Roan colour in cattle. |
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(a) What is polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
(b) Describe three steps involved in mechanism of PCR.
| Column I (Biofortified crop) | Column II (Nutrient Enrichment) |
| (1) Maize | (a) Five times more iron |
| (2) Rice | (b) Twice the amount of lysine and tryptophan |
| (3) Wheat Atlas-66 | (c) Enriched in vitamin A and minerals |
| (4) Carrots, spinach | (d) High protein content |