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Integrals — Maths STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceMathsIntegrals1 Mark
MCQ
$\int\limits^{2\text{a}}_0\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx}$ is equal to :
  • A
    $2\int\limits^{\text{a}}_0\text{f(x)}\text{dx}$
  • B
    $0$
  • ✓
    $\int\limits^{\text{a}}_0\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx}+\int\limits^{\text{a}}_0\text{f}(2\text{a}-\text{x})\text{dx}$
  • D
    $\int\limits^{\text{a}}_0\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx}+\int\limits^{2\text{a}}_0\text{f}(2\text{a}-\text{x})\text{dx}$
✓

Answer

Correct option: C.
$\int\limits^{\text{a}}_0\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx}+\int\limits^{\text{a}}_0\text{f}(2\text{a}-\text{x})\text{dx}$
$\int\limits^\text{a}_0\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx}+\int\limits^\text{a}_0\text{f}(2\text{a}-\text{x})\text{dx}$
According to the additivity property of integrals,
$\int\limits^\text{b}_\text{a}\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx}=\int\limits^\text{c}_\text{a}\text{f}(\text{x})+\int\limits^\text{b}_\text{c}\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx},$ where $a < c < b$
Using this property,
$\int\limits^{2\text{a}}_0\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx}=\int\limits^\text{a}_0\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx}+\int\limits^{2\text{a}}_0\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx}\ ....(\text{i})$
Now, consider the integral, $\int\limits^{2\text{a}}_0\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx}$
Let $x = 2a - t$ Then $dx = d (2a - t), dx = - dt$
Also, $x = a, t = a$ and $x = 2a, t = 0$
Therefore, $\int\limits^{2\text{a}}_\text{a}\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx}=-\int\limits^0_\text{a}\text{f}(2\text{a}-\text{t})\text{dt}$
$\Rightarrow \int\limits^{2\text{a}}_\text{a}\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx}=\int\limits^\text{a}_0\text{f}(2\text{a}-\text{t})\text{dt}$
$\Rightarrow \int\limits^{2\text{a}}_\text{a}\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx}=\int\limits^\text{a}_0\text{f}(2\text{a}-\text{x})\text{dx}$
Substituting this in equation $(i) $ we get,
$\int\limits^{2\text{a}}_0\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx}=\int\limits^\text{a}_0\text{f}(\text{x})\text{dx}+\int\limits^\text{a}_0\text{f}(2\text{a}-\text{x})\text{dx}$

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