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Units and Measurements — Physics STD 11 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 SciencePhysicsUnits and Measurements3 Marks
Question
Just as precise measurements are necessary in science, it is equally important to be able to make rough estimates of quantities using rudimentary ideas and common observations. Think of ways by which you can estimate the following (where an estimate is difficult to obtain, try to get an upper bound on the quantity): The mass of an elephant.
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Answer

Consider a ship of known base area floating in the sea. Measure its depth in sea $\left(\right.$ say $\left.\mathrm{d}_1\right)$. Volume of water displaced by the ship, $\mathrm{Vb}=\mathrm{Ad}_1$ Now, move an elephant on the ship and measure the depth of the ship ( $\mathrm{d}_2$ ) in this case. Volume of water displaced by the ship with the elephant on board, $\mathrm{V}_{\mathrm{be}}=\mathrm{Ad}_2$ Volume of water displaced by the elephant $=A d_2-A d_1$ Density of water $=D$ Mass of elephant $=A D\left(d_2-d_1\right)$

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