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Respiration and Energy Transfer — Biology STD 11 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceBiologyRespiration and Energy Transfer4 Marks
Question
Sonal while studying $\text{ETS}$ had a doubt, why ${FADH2}$ yields only $2 \text{ATP’s}$ whereas ${NADH_2}$ yields three $\text{ATP’s}$? What would be the correct explanation for her doubt?
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Answer

$1.$ During $\text{ETS}, NADH_2$ and $FADH_2$ undergoes oxidation where they are converted to $NAD^+$ and $FAD^+$ respectively.
$2.$ During this conversion, hydrogen is removed, which latter forms proton and electron. This electron so formed is passed on to different electron carriers. During this transfer of electron, energy is released which is used in $\text{ATP}$ synthesis.
$3.$ In case of $NADH_2,$ energy is released at three places hence results into formation of $3 \  \text{ATPs}$ whereas, in case of $FADH_2$ energy is released at only two places, hence results into formation of only $2 \ \text{ ATPs.}$
$4.$ Here, the $\text{ATP}$ formation occurs by Chemiosmotic hypothesis.

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